Symptomatic Vitreous Opacities: Exploring the Mismatch between Clinical Observation of Vitreous Alterations and Self-Reported Symptoms

Objectives: To assess the mismatch between the clinical observation of vitreous alterations and self-reported symptoms in young patients complaining of symptomatic vitreous opacities (SVO). Methods: The ophthalmic medical records of young patients presenting primarily with SVO were retrospectively evaluated. Symptoms severity was assessed using a questionnaire. The status of the vitreous body was examined with indirect ophthalmoscopy at the slit-lamp and classified according to an ad hoc severity scale. Results: Sixty eyes of thirty otherwise healthy patients (median age: 32.5 (IQR: 29.0–37.0) years old) complaining of SVO (median duration: 38 months; interquartile range: 18–84 months) were enrolled. SVO was rated as severe by 50% of participants, affecting all the activities explored in the questionnaire. Twenty-three patients (76.6%) reported SVO-related depression and/or anxiety, for which eleven patients (36.6%) were or had been using medication. Fifty-eight eyes (96.6%) showed no evidence of (or minimal) vitreous opacity, while two eyes (3.3%) were found to have significant vitreous opacity. No significant inter-gender differences (p > 0.05) and no significant differences (p > 0.05) were found between the severity of vitreous opacity and patients’ reported symptoms nor with their psychological status and medication use. Conclusions: Severe discomfort related to the perception of vitreous floaters exists in young patients whose vitreous gel examination is unremarkable or shows only minor alterations. We believe this discrepancy can be explained by optical anisotropy; significant forward-scattering of light, which results in floater symptoms; and reduced back reflection, which limits the clinical observation.