Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of Miscellaneous Retinal Disease

In this chapter, we illustrate different clinical scenarios using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA, Triton, Topcon, Inc., Tokyo, Japan). The instrument is based on a long wavelength scanning light (1,050 nm) that can better penetrate the deeper ocular layers, such as the choroid and sclera. Our aim was to show how OCTA can be used to study the eye vascular network in a novel and innovative fashion. We have demonstrated that a specific disease can involve one or more layers; conversely, the same layer may be affected by different ocular pathologies. Moreover, we would like to stress that knowledge of disease pathophysiology is fundamental, and thus, we have focused our attention on the layer(s) most involved in each pathological condition. In some miscellaneous cases, the swept-source OCTA findings have corroborated with conventional imaging data (i.e. fundus photography, B-scan ultrasonography, fluorangiography and indocyanine green angiography), thus leading us to the proper diagnosis.