Non linear three-dimensional finite element analysis in the study of restorative biomechanics and implant prosthodontic biomimetics [Analisi tridimensionale nello studio della biomeccanica restaurativa e della biomimetica implanto-protesica]

The most recent and sophisticated computerized models created by means of the finite element analysis technique are useful to simulate the simultaneous interaction of the different clinical variables acting on a restorative system during function. Furthermore, non linear three-dimensional analyses allow to reproduce structures paramount in distributing stresses and strains, just like the periodontal ligament, the masticatory muscles and the bone tissue in its different components. In this way, it is possibile to analyze the biomechanical behaviour of a restorative system, identifying areas under risk of mechanical failure and modifying the prosthetic design as well. Moreover, stress and strain concentrations allow to visualize areas under potential biological risk, such as areas of bone remodelling or resorption. In both conservative and prosthetic restorations, stresses and strains concentrate at level of the interfaces, due to the different mechanical properties of restorative materials. Such differences become even more dramatic at the interfaces between restorative materials and tissues. A biofaithful approach to the study of restorative biomechanics allows to develop prosthetic designs and innovative restorative materials characterized by optimal biomimetic characteristics in the restoration of oral functions.