Computer-aided neurocognitive remediation in schizophrenia: Durability of rehabilitation outcomes in a follow-up study

Cognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia constitute a limiting factor to the chances of rehabilitation of daily living abilities, like personal and relational autonomy and working ability. Cognitive Remediation Therapy (CRT) is a rehabilitative technique that aims at the recovery of single cognitive functions through the execution of massive exercises of impaired cognitive domains. This study aims to establish if the results achieved through an intensive deficit-specific neurocognitive treatment of three months duration, were maintained over time. The sample consists in 100 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to the criteria of DSM IV. Patients were assessed on cognitive and daily functioning at baseline, after 3 months of either CRT or placebo training added to their standard rehabilitation treatment, at 6 month and 12-month follow-up. Results showed significant changes that were maintained at follow-up for executive function, attention and psychomotor coordination. Moreover the significant improvement in daily functioning was maintained at 6 and 12-month follow-up. In conclusion improvements in cognitive functions and daily functioning achieved through the association of CRT and standard rehabilitation treatment persist over time after the conclusion of the training period.