Near-infrared Autofluorescence Pattern In Early Stages Of Age-related Macular Degeneration

Purpose Melanin is a protective agent from light and oxidative damages. Melanin distribution can be visualized by means of near-infrared fundus autofluorescence (NIR-FAF). Aim of the study is to describe the NIR-FAF patterns in early stages of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to compare them with the patterns visible with blue-light fundudautofluorescence (BL-FAF). Methods Eighty-four patients affected by age-related maculopathy were considered for the study. Each patient underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination including EDTRS best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), NIR-FAF, and BL-FAF. The results were compared with those obtained in 40 health, age-matched subjects. Results Four NIR-FAF patterns were identified. More specifically, normal pattern was detected in 7%, normal pattern associated with hyper/hypoautofluorescent spot not involving the fovea was identified in 65.5%. Moreover, normal pattern associated with hyper/hypoautofluorescent spot involving the fovea, and patchy pattern were visible in 15.5% and 12% of cases, respectively. Minimal change and focal increased were the most frequent patterns detectable on BL-FAF. Lower BCVA value was associated with foveal involvement. Conclusions NIR-FAF shows specific patterns in early stages of AMD. There is no direct correlation between BL-FAF and NIR-FAF patterns. BL-FAF turned out to be altered in all cases, whereas NIR-FAF was normal in 7% of cases. Central involvement on NIR-FAF corresponded to lower BCVA.