Lesioni cervicali non cariose e restauri di V classe: ripercussioni sulle condizioni paradontali [Non-carious cervical lesions and class V restorations: Impact on periodontal conditions]

Objectives. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of noncarious cervical lesions (NCCL) in a group of patients, relating their etiology with oral hygiene, eating habits, systemic or local diseases and investigate the clinical effects of Class V restorations of NCCL on periodontal conditions. Materials and methods. 10 patients—aged from 36 to 56—affected by tooth cervical lesions were recruited in accordance with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. At the baseline examination, periodontal parameters (PPD, BOP, IP, dental sensitivity) of the teeth affected by NCCL were measured. Each tooth with NCCL was randomly assigned to the test or the control group. The teeth in the test group were restored with composite resin. No treatment was performed on the teeth of the control group. Six months later, the periodontal parameters were repeated. The obtained data were submitted to statistical analysis. Results. NCCL were found to be predominantly associated with incorrect oral hygiene habits and to a lesser extend to the presence of parafunctions. Six months after the treatment, t-tests for paired observations revealed that (a) PPD significantly decreased, as expected, in the test group (p ≤ 0.001) but not in the control group where a worsening was recorded (p ≤ 0.009); (b) BOP significantly decreased, as hypothesized, in the test group (p < 0.001), whereas it increased in the control group (Wilcoxon: Z = –2.03; p < 0.043); further, also the expected difference between BOP test and control group after six months from treatment was statistically significant (p ≤ 0.006); (c) unexpectedly, PI significantly decreased both in the test (p ≤ 0.012) and in the control group (p ≤ 0.017); (d) dental sensitivity diminished in the test group after six months (Wilcoxon: Z = –2.42; p ≤ 0.016), and it was also significantly lower than that of the control group after six months from treatment (Wilcoxon: Z = –2.59; p ≤ 0.001).