Optical coherence tomography and pathological myopia: an update of the literature

The purpose of this paper is to give an updated review of the last clinical entities in pathological myopia proposed by means of new generation optical coherence tomography (OCT), including enhanced depth imaging (EDI-OCT) and swept source OCT (SS-OCT). PubMed and Google engine search were carried out using the terms "pathological myopia" associated with "coherence tomography," "enhanced depth imaging," and "swept source OCT." Latest publications up to Jan 2015 about myopia-related complications, including open-angle chronic glaucoma, peripapillary retinal changes, acquired macular diseases, and choroidal neovascularization, have been reviewed. New OCT technologies have led to a greater insight in pathophysiology of high-grade myopia. However, further investigation is needed in order to prevent irreversible visual loss and optic nerve damage.